South Korea

Seoul

 #9

Global Startup Ecosystem

#3

Asia ECOSYSTEM
Members: Seoul Business Agency

#4

Global Ecosystem in Funding Momentum

#4

Asia Ecosystem in AI-Native Cluster

Top 10

Global Ecosystem in Talent Strength
Seoul's startup ecosystem is entering a new phase of global competitiveness, underpinned by record levels of venture capital and R&D investment, a deep institutional capital base, and a highly-skilled talent pool.
Hyun Woo Kim
Hyun Woo Kim
President and CEO of the Seoul Business Agency

Highlights

Seoul’s startup ecosystem demonstrates momentum across investment, international engagement, and technology innovation, reinforcing its position as a globally-competitive hub for founders and investors. In 2025, South Korea’s startup investment market reached $10.1 billion. 

South Korea’s government provides substantial funding and structured support to accelerate startup growth and innovation. South Korea launched the $475 million Startup Korea Fund 2025, marking the first time the government-backed vehicle secured participation from overseas investors alongside 27 private investors contributing domestic capital. The introduction of the Super-Gap / Deep-Tech track alongside a newly-created Open Innovation track further underscores the fund’s strategic focus on advancing Frontier Technologies. Seoul Metropolitan Government targeted $359 million in the first round of the Seoul Vision 2030 Fund formation, with a dedicated allocation for AI Transformation.

South Korea’s government approved a record $22 billion national R&D budget in 2025 – the largest in its history – demonstrating innovation’s role as a core economic strategy for the country. It also confirmed a budget of $11.3 billion to support startups and SMEs, and allocated $126 million to its 2025 Global Fund.

Seoul is a strong gateway for global tech talent. Over 2,600 teams from 97 countries applied to Korea’s flagship inbound program, reflecting the country’s rising position as a global entry point for startup talent. South Korea introduced the Korea Special Startup Visa to simplify entry for foreign entrepreneurs, prioritizing innovation and business potential over capital thresholds. Complementing this effort, Seoul’s K-STAR Visa Track simplifies the residency pathway for outstanding international STEM graduates and connects them to local startup support programs. 
Seoul and Korea's startups are increasingly making their mark beyond domestic borders. South Korea’s Ministry of SMEs and Startups’ Collaboration Program launched in 2025, with global companies helping Korean startups scale and enter overseas markets. Seoul startups won 27 innovation awards at CES 2026, affirming the ecosystem’s status as a leading global startup city.

Ecosystem by the Numbers

ECOSYSTEM VALUE

A measure of economic impact, calculated as the value of exits and startup valuations from H2 2023–2025. Ecosystem Value includes all active unicorns.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$116 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $25 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $24 BN

ECOSYSTEM VALUE GROWTH

Growth is calculated based on the Ecosystem Value from H2 2018–2020 vs. H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2018 - 2020 VS. H2 2023 - 2025)
38%
GLOBAL GROWTH 149%
REGIONAL GROWTH 66%

AI-Native Ecosystem Value

A measure of economic impact, calculated as the value of exits and startup valuations from H2 2023–2025 for AI-Native. Ecosystem Value includes all active unicorns.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$19 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $4.4 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $2.6 BN

AI-Native Ecosystem Value Growth

Growth is calculated based on the AI-Native Ecosystem Value from H2 2021–2023 vs. H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2021 - 23 VS. H2 2023 - 25)
9%
GLOBAL GROWTH 161%
REGIONAL GROWTH 58%

EARLY-STAGE FUNDING GROWTH

Early-Stage Funding Growth is based on number of Seed and Series A rounds raised between 2022-2023 vs. 2024-2025 and calculated on a scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest).
(2022-23 vs. 2024-25)
3
Scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest)

AI-Native Early Stage Funding Growth

AI-Native Early-Stage Funding (ESF) Count Growth Tier evaluates the growth in the number of Early-Stage Funding rounds between 2022–23 and 2024–25. Ecosystems are scored on a scale from 1 to 10, where 1 represents the lowest growth and 10 represents the highest.
(2022-23 vs. 2024-25)
3
Scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest)

TOTAL VC FUNDING

The Total VC funding (Seed, Series A, Series B+) in tech startups in 2021–2025.
(2021 - 2025)
$40 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $5 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $5 BN

TOTAL EARLY–STAGE FUNDING

The total Seed and Series A funding in tech startups in H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$4 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $554 M
REGIONAL AVG. $490 M

EXIT AMOUNT

The total value of exits from the ecosystem.
(2021 - 2025)
$113 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $7.6 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $11.9 BN

EXIT COUNT (#)

The number of exits from the ecosystem.
(2021 - 2025)
429
71
2021
115
2022
89
2023
84
2024
70
2025
GLOBAL AVG. 103
REGIONAL AVG. 55

TIME TO EXIT

The average age at the time of exit in the ecosystem in 2021–2025.
(2021 - 2025)
9.2 YEARS
GLOBAL AVG. 11.1 years
REGIONAL AVG. 10.2 YEARS

NUMBER OF UNICORNS 

The number of startups that meet our definition and have been valued at more than $1 billion and have not exited.
(ACTIVE UNICORNS)
17
GLOBAL AVG. 11
REGIONAL AVG. 10

MEDIAN SEED ROUND

The median of seed rounds in tech startups in the ecosystem in H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$900 K
GLOBAL AVG. $1 M
REGIONAL AVG. $1 M

Median Series A Round

The median of Series A rounds in tech startups in the ecosystem in H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2023 – 2025)
$4.2 M
GLOBAL AVG. $6.2 M
REGIONAL AVG. $4.1 M

Top Funded Startups

Top startups identified based on funding amount from July 2023 to December 2025.
(H2 2023-2025)
1: Musinsa
2: Toss Bank
3: Rebellions
4: FuriosaAI

SOFT. ENGINEER SALARY

Average software engineer salary informed by data from Glassdoor, Salary.com, and PayScale, as well as local sources when available.
(2025)
$52.4 K
GLOBAL AVG. $54 K
REGIONAL AVG. $27 K

Sub-Sector Strengths

AI, Big Data & Analytics
AI, Big Data & Analytics

Seoul is one of Asia's most dynamic AI ecosystems. Seoul-based AI Semiconductor startup Furiosa AI raised a $125M Series C in 2025, while AI optimization company Nota went public on the KOSDAQ, reaching a $511M market cap  — a strong signal of Deep Tech maturity. At the APEC Summit, NVIDIA committed to deploying 260,000+ GPUs across South Korea alongside Samsung, SK, Hyundai, and Naver. To advance AI across industries, the city government is driving a $370M AI Transformation Fund and investing $642M to build Seoul AI Tech City.  Seoul is targeting training 10,000+ AI professionals by 2026.

Life Sciences
Life Sciences

Seoul's Biotech strength lies in the depth of its infrastructure: six specialized clusters connect early-stage startups in Hongneung with large-scale R&D facilities in Magok, forming an integrated pipeline from research to commercialization. Korea's 'Big 5' hospitals — including Seoul National University Hospital, Asan, Samsung, and Severance Medical Centers — are in Seoul, making it the world's top city for clinical trial volume. Underpinned by a universal healthcare system and decades of accumulated EMR data, Seoul offers an unmatched environment for digital health and precision medicine research. The Seoul Metropolitan Government is targeting ~$1.11B in Bio Fund commitments by 2026.

Advanced Manufacturing & Robotics
Advanced Manufacturing & Robotics

Seoul is placing a decisive bet on Physical AI – robots embedded with intelligent systems – as a cornerstone of its economic future. At CES 2026, Hyundai Motor Group unveiled its Physical AI strategy built around collaborations with Boston Dynamics, NVIDIA, and Google DeepMind, drawing global attention. Seoul Metropolitan Government is fostering an ecosystem where emerging robotics companies can scale from development to commercialization by building the 'Physical AI Connect' Belt linking Yangjae (AI R&D), Suseo (robotics testbed), and Gangnam (commercialization), channeling $200M into the Suseo Robot Cluster while opening parks, bridges, and public facilities citywide as live demonstration grounds.

Selected Startup Organizations

Startup Genome Members

MEMBER

Seoul Business Agency (SBA) is the official public accelerator of the Seoul Metropolitan Government, supporting startups and SMEs across every major vertical from AI and Deep Tech to beauty, fashion, content, gaming, and consumer goods. As the managing agency of the Seoul Vision 2030 Fund, SBA targets approximately $3.70 billion in committed capital by 2026 across six strategic sectors including digital transformation, bio, advanced manufacturing, and creative industries. With approximately $31.5 million in annual R&D grants supporting high-growth startups, SBA sits at the center of Seoul's startup ecosystem, bridging early-stage founders, scaleups, and global investors under one roof.

Work with us

If you are interested in working with us to drive global attention to your ecosystem, please get in touch with Marina Krizman, Director of Business Development.

This site uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic. Your IP address and user-agent are shared with Google along with performance and security metrics to ensure quality of service, generate usage statistics, and to detect and address abuse.