India

Bengaluru-Karnataka

#15

Global Startup Ecosystem

#6

Asia ECOSYSTEM
Members: Karnataka Digital Economy Mission (KDEM)

#2

Asia Ecosystem in AI-Native Cluster

Top 10

Global Ecosystem in Performance

Top 10

Global Ecosystem in R&D engine
Karnataka stands among the world’s leading entrepreneurial ecosystems, redefining global innovation through leadership in AI, Quantum, Spacetech, GCCs, advanced manufacturing, Deep Tech, and startups, fostering transformative, sustainable, and inclusive economic growth.
Dr. Manjula N
Dr. Manjula N
IAS, Secretary to Government, Department of Electronics, Information Technology, Biotechnology and Science & Technology, Government of Karnataka

Highlights

Bengaluru continues to lead as India’s top startup hub, backed by supportive government policies and a strong private sector. Karnataka is home to around 300 venture capital firms, further strengthening its position as a prime funding destination. Bengaluru-headquartered startups have raised a total of approximately $79 billion in VC funding since 2010 including. The state has captured about 46% of all VC investments into Indian startups, playing a key role in a national ecosystem that has created over 140,000 technology startups during that same timeframe.

In 2025, the Government of Karnataka launched the Startup Policy 2.0 (2025–2030) with an outlay of $62.4M, targeting the creation of 25,000 new startups. It focuses on strengthening incubation infrastructure, mentorship networks, and R&D in Frontier Technologies such as AI, Quantum Computing, and Blockchain, and embeds capital support mechanisms, enhances incubation programs, and deepens engagement with global partners across the state. The Global Innovation Alliance continues to expand international collaboration through cross-border partnerships, technology exchanges, and joint research.

Programs such as KATALYST, a facilitation platform for Global Capability Centre (GCC) expansion, aim to embed Bengaluru and Karnataka more deeply into global value chains. The Karnataka Digital Economy Mission (KDEM) plays a pivotal role in expanding Karnataka’s digital economy by enabling market access for startups and fostering international partnerships.

The Government of Karnataka’s $110M Local Economy Accelerator Program (LEAP) establishes new Centres of Excellence in areas such as Defence Technology & Industry 5.0, Agri & Allied sectors, and Artificial Intelligence & Quantum Computing, hosted in leading institutions across the state. Under LEAP, grant programs including ELEVATE Nxt provide up to $110,000 grants supporting Deep Tech startups.

In January 2026, payments infrastructure company Juspay reached a $1.2B valuation, becoming one of the year’s first unicorns. Leading banks including Punjab National Bank, State Bank of India, HDFC Bank, IDFC FIRST Bank, and ICICI Bank are opening dedicated startup branches in Bengaluru, providing enhanced capital access, tailored financial products, and advisory to early-stage companies.

Ecosystem by the Numbers

ECOSYSTEM VALUE

A measure of economic impact, calculated as the value of exits and startup valuations from H2 2023–2025. Ecosystem Value includes all active unicorns.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$153 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $25 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $24 BN

ECOSYSTEM VALUE GROWTH

Growth is calculated based on the Ecosystem Value from H2 2018–2020 vs. H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2018 - 2020 VS. H2 2023 - 2025)
190%
GLOBAL GROWTH 149%
REGIONAL GROWTH 66%

AI-Native Ecosystem Value

A measure of economic impact, calculated as the value of exits and startup valuations from H2 2023–2025 for AI-Native. Ecosystem Value includes all active unicorns.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$2 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $4.4 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $2.6 BN

AI-Native Ecosystem Value Growth

Growth is calculated based on the AI-Native Ecosystem Value from H2 2021–2023 vs. H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2021 - 23 VS. H2 2023 - 25)
109%
GLOBAL GROWTH 161%
REGIONAL GROWTH 58%

EARLY-STAGE FUNDING GROWTH

Early-Stage Funding Growth is based on number of Seed and Series A rounds raised between 2022-2023 vs. 2024-2025 and calculated on a scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest).
(2022-23 vs. 2024-25)
6
Scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest)

AI-Native Early Stage Funding Growth

AI-Native Early-Stage Funding (ESF) Count Growth Tier evaluates the growth in the number of Early-Stage Funding rounds between 2022–23 and 2024–25. Ecosystems are scored on a scale from 1 to 10, where 1 represents the lowest growth and 10 represents the highest.
(2022-23 vs. 2024-25)
7
Scale of 1 (lowest) to 10 (highest)

TOTAL VC FUNDING

The Total VC funding (Seed, Series A, Series B+) in tech startups in 2021–2025.
(2021 - 2025)
$39 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $5 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $5 BN

TOTAL EARLY–STAGE FUNDING

The total Seed and Series A funding in tech startups in H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$2.3 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $554 M
REGIONAL AVG. $490 M

EXIT AMOUNT

The total value of exits from the ecosystem.
(2021 - 2025)
$46 BN
GLOBAL AVG. $7.6 BN
REGIONAL AVG. $11.9 BN

EXIT COUNT (#)

The number of exits from the ecosystem.
(2021 - 2025)
304
62
2021
70
2022
57
2023
51
2024
64
2025
GLOBAL AVG. 103
REGIONAL AVG. 55

TIME TO EXIT

The average age at the time of exit in the ecosystem in 2021–2025.
(2021 - 2025)
8.2 YEARS
GLOBAL AVG. 11.1 years
REGIONAL AVG. 10.2 YEARS

NUMBER OF UNICORNS 

The number of startups that meet our definition and have been valued at more than $1 billion and have not exited.
(ACTIVE UNICORNS)
30
GLOBAL AVG. 11
REGIONAL AVG. 10

MEDIAN SEED ROUND

The median of seed rounds in tech startups in the ecosystem in H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2023 - 2025)
$810 K
GLOBAL AVG. $1 M
REGIONAL AVG. $1 M

Median Series A Round

The median of Series A rounds in tech startups in the ecosystem in H2 2023–2025.
(H2 2023 – 2025)
$5.9 M
GLOBAL AVG. $6.2 M
REGIONAL AVG. $4.1 M

Top Funded Startups

Top startups identified based on funding amount from July 2023 to December 2025.
(H2 2023-2025)
1: Zepto
2: Meesho
3: Udaan

SOFT. ENGINEER SALARY

Average software engineer salary informed by data from Glassdoor, Salary.com, and PayScale, as well as local sources when available.
(2025)
$19.6 K
GLOBAL AVG. $54 K
REGIONAL AVG. $27 K

Sub-Sector Strengths

AI and Deep Tech
AI and Deep Tech

AI innovation in Bengaluru is driven by dedicated initiatives and ecosystem support that translate research into market-ready technologies. In January 2026, the Government of Karnataka approved the Centre for Applied AI for Tech Solutions (CATS) with a $2.4M investment, partnering with Nasscom to boost AI, Robotics, automation, and digital transformation. Bengaluru attracts 58% of India's AI startup funding, with ~$1.5B raised since 2020, of which $1.2B-plus has flowed into application-layer AI startups, underpinning vibrant formation across generative AI, clinical, and data analytics ventures.

Aerospace, Space, and Defense Tech
Aerospace, Space, and Defense Tech

Karnataka anchors India’s Aerospace and Defense ecosystem, accounting for 65% of national business and 67% of aircraft manufacturing. A $24M Aerospace Common Facility Centre at KIADB Park strengthens testing infrastructure for MSMEs. Premier institutions such as Indian Space Research Organisation and Defence Research and Development Organisation position the state as a major hub for Aerospace and Space technology. The Government has constituted a Vision Group on Space Technology to guide growth. Supported by the Karnataka Aerospace & Defence Policy 2022–27 and Karnataka Space Technology Policy 2025–2030, the state hosts 81 companies that have raised ~$353M.

Quantum Computing
Quantum Computing

Bengaluru-Karnataka launched the $114M Karnataka Quantum Mission in July 2025 to build a $20B Quantum economy by 2035 with Q-City near Bengaluru — an integrated hub for quantum R&D, hardware manufacturing, and talent development. India’s first commercially-deployable 25-qubit Indus quantum computer became operational in Bengaluru in 2025, underscoring regional innovation. The state approved $5.6M to expand the Quantum Research Park at IISc Bengaluru, supporting startups, labs, and skilling initiatives, with programs in 20+ colleges and 150 annual PhD fellowships to strengthen the Quantum talent pipeline.

Selected Startup Organizations

Startup Genome Members

MEMBER

KDEM is established as a section 8 not-for-profit under Karnataka's Department of Electronics, IT, BT & Science and Technology, to serve as a knowledge bridge between government and industry. It aims to accelerate growth and investments across Karnataka’s digital economy, spanning IT, Biotechnology, and Science & Technology. KDEM focuses on strengthening IT/ITeS, BPM and GCCs, Innovation and Startups, Electronics System Design and Manufacturing, Talent Accelerator, and the Beyond Bengaluru initiative, while leveraging technology-led growth to generate employment and drive inclusive economic development across the state.

Work with us

If you are interested in working with us to drive global attention to your ecosystem, please get in touch with Marina Krizman, Director of Business Development.

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